Utah’s cannabis history is deeply intertwined with the narratives of its dominant religious institution, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). While many Utahns are familiar with the LDS Church’s current stance on cannabis—prohibiting its recreational use and strictly regulating its medicinal application—there’s a surprising and rich backstory that many might not be aware of. This narrative spans from early pioneer hemp cultivation to the ongoing evolution of medical cannabis acceptance, revealing a complex and enlightening history.
The Early Years and Prohibition
The LDS Church’s relationship with intoxicating substances has been governed by the “Word of Wisdom”, a set of health guidelines that forms part of the church’s Doctrine and Covenants, one of its standard works of scripture. The Word of Wisdom was first revealed to Joseph Smith, the founder of the LDS Church, in 1833. It advised members to abstain from alcohol, tobacco, coffee, tea, and other substances deemed harmful.
The implementation of the Word of Wisdom was initially more of a recommendation than a strict commandment. However, over time, adherence to these guidelines became a hallmark of faithful LDS practice. The reasons for its imposition were both practical and spiritual. On a practical level, it reflected the temperance movement of the 19th century, which advocated for the reduction or elimination of alcohol consumption due to its perceived negative social effects. Spiritually, it was seen as a way to maintain physical health and spiritual purity, aligning with the church’s emphasis on bodily sanctity and self-control.
The reaction to the Word of Wisdom among early church members was mixed. Some members readily accepted the guidelines, viewing them as divine wisdom for better health. Others found it challenging to give up long-held habits, particularly in a time when alcohol and tobacco were common in daily life. Enforcement was inconsistent in the early years, and it wasn’t until the early 20th century that adherence became a requirement for temple worthiness and full participation in church activities.
By the early 20th century, the LDS Church had firmly established its stance against intoxicants, and in 1915, it officially banned cannabis. This move was part of a broader societal trend towards the prohibition of various substances, culminating in the national prohibition of alcohol in 1920. The church’s stance on cannabis was consistent with its emphasis on abstaining from substances that could impair judgment or lead to addiction.
The Push for Medical Cannabis
Fast forward to recent years, and the landscape begins to change dramatically. The fight for medical cannabis in Utah is a story of persistence, community advocacy, and, ultimately, compromise. In the mid-2010s, despite significant opposition from the LDS Church, advocates pushed forward with legislative efforts. A pivotal moment came in 2018 when Utah voters approved Proposition 2, a ballot measure to legalize medical marijuana. Initially opposed by the church, the overwhelming public support forced a reevaluation. The LDS Church then worked behind the scenes to shape a more conservative medical cannabis law, which was seen as a compromise that would align with their values while addressing public demand.
Hidden Uses and the Church’s Evolving Stance
Despite the official stance, there have been whispers and anecdotes of discreet use among church members, particularly for medicinal purposes. Some Utahns have turned to cannabis as a last resort for chronic pain and severe medical conditions when other treatments failed. Stories of families using cannabis oil to treat children with severe epilepsy or cancer have circulated within the community, often shared in hushed tones to avoid stigmatization.
Over time, the LDS Church’s position has softened somewhat. In 2016, the church expressed support for legalizing CBD oil, a non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis, while maintaining its stance against whole-plant cannabis remedies. This shift was partly due to increasing public awareness and scientific evidence supporting the medical benefits of cannabis. Families advocating for CBD oil highlighted its effectiveness in reducing seizures in children with epilepsy, putting a human face on the issue and making it harder for the church to oppose.
The church’s evolving stance has also been influenced by broader societal changes. As more states legalize medical and recreational cannabis, the pressure on Utah and its dominant religious institution to adapt has increased. The LDS Church has had to navigate its traditional teachings while acknowledging the medical needs of its members. This delicate balance is evident in the church’s support for tightly regulated medical cannabis programs that allow patients access to treatment without endorsing recreational use.
The church’s cautious acceptance of CBD oil and other non-intoxicating cannabis products reflects a broader trend of slowly adapting to changing public attitudes and scientific developments. While the LDS Church remains conservative in its approach, the gradual shift in its stance on medical cannabis suggests a willingness to consider the well-being of its members and the evolving landscape of medical treatments. This ongoing evolution reflects a pragmatic approach to an issue that continues to challenge traditional beliefs.
Pioneer Hemp Cultivation
Interestingly, early Mormon pioneers were instructed by Brigham Young to explore hemp cultivation. In 1861, Brigham Young directed pioneers to identify optimal areas for growing hemp, recognizing the plant’s value for its fibers, which were used to produce fabric and rope—essential commodities for settlers in a new land. This historical use of hemp demonstrates a pragmatic approach to resource utilization, reflecting the pioneers’ resilience and ingenuity in establishing their community in the Salt Lake Valley.
Pioneers were known to grow hemp in various areas of Utah, including regions like Cache Valley and areas near the Salt Lake Valley. These regions were chosen for their favorable growing conditions and accessibility. Hemp was a valuable crop because it was used to produce rope, canvas, and other essential items for daily pioneer life. The cultivation of hemp was part of the broader agricultural efforts of the pioneers to create a self-sustaining community in the harsh conditions of the Utah territory.
The Compromise Law
The compromise law that emerged allowed for the use of medical cannabis under strict regulations. Patients can obtain medical marijuana cards, but the form of cannabis they can use is limited. Smoking cannabis remains prohibited, with the church advocating for alternatives like edibles and tinctures, which can be administered without the traditional stigma associated with smoking.
The Modern Era
Today, the influence of the LDS Church on Utah’s cannabis policy remains significant, but there is a growing acceptance of medical cannabis as a legitimate treatment option. This acceptance is not just a matter of policy but also a reflection of personal stories within the community—stories of families finding relief for their loved ones, as in the cases of children with severe epilepsy or cancer patients seeking pain relief.
As Utah continues to navigate the complex landscape of cannabis legislation, the state’s unique cultural and religious context will undoubtedly play a crucial role. For Utahns, understanding this history isn’t just about looking back—it’s about recognizing the evolving conversation around cannabis and what it means for the future.
In the spirit of Salt Baked City, Utah’s independent cannabis voice, we aim to shed light on these hidden histories and ongoing debates, fostering a community informed and empowered to make thoughtful decisions about cannabis.
Stay informed, stay empowered, and keep the conversation going.
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